Vedic Maths — Veda Topper
Multiply Any Number by 11 — in One Line
The 11 times table is where most children first feel the magic of Vedic Maths. Instead of a full multiplication, you just drop the digits down and add the neighbours. Here is exactly how, with worked examples you can copy.
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The rule
To multiply a 2-digit number by 11: keep the first and last digit, and put their sum in the middle. If that sum is 10 or more, carry the 1 to the left.
Example 1 — 32 × 11
Outer digits: 3 __ 2
Middle = 3 + 2 = 5
Answer: 3 5 2
32 × 11 = 352
Example 2 — 45 × 11
Outer: 4 __ 5
Middle = 4 + 5 = 9
Answer: 4 9 5
45 × 11 = 495
Example 3 (with carry) — 78 × 11
Outer: 7 __ 8
Middle = 7 + 8 = 15 → write 5, carry 1
7 + 1 = 8
Answer: 8 5 8
78 × 11 = 858
Longer numbers
For a 3-digit number, write the first and last digit, then add each pair of neighbours moving left.
Example 4 — 234 × 11
First 2 ... last 4
2 | (2+3) | (3+4) | 4
2 | 5 | 7 | 4
234 × 11 = 2574
Why it works
Multiplying by 11 is the same as multiplying by 10 and adding the number itself. When you line those up, each digit ends up added to its right-hand neighbour — which is exactly the "add the neighbours" rule.
Practice (answers below):
1) 53 × 11 2) 26 × 11 3) 99 × 11 4) 342 × 11 5) 617 × 11
Answers: 1) 583 2) 286 3) 1089 4) 3762 5) 6787
1) 53 × 11 2) 26 × 11 3) 99 × 11 4) 342 × 11 5) 617 × 11
Answers: 1) 583 2) 286 3) 1089 4) 3762 5) 6787
More Vedic Maths tricks
← Vedic Maths home Square numbers ending in 5Base multiplication (Nikhilam)Vertically & crosswiseSquares near a base (Yavadunam)Instant division by 9Subtraction: all from 9All 16 Sutras & 13 sub-sutras
Frequently asked questions
What is the Vedic Maths trick for multiplying by 11?
Keep the first and last digit of the number, and place the sum of the two digits in the middle. If a sum is 10 or more, carry the 1 to the left. For example, 45 × 11 = 4 (4+5) 5 = 495.
Does the 11 trick work for 3-digit numbers?
Yes. Write the first and last digits, then add each pair of neighbouring digits moving left, carrying where needed. 234 × 11 = 2 5 7 4 = 2574.
What age can learn this trick?
Children from around Grade 4 (age 9) pick it up quickly, and it is a favourite starting point in Veda Topper Vedic Maths classes.
Learn all of this live. Veda Topper runs online Vedic Maths classes for kids and adults, worldwide. Book a free demo class → · WhatsApp us →